Çeşme was governed as a province for many years and was annexed to the Ottoman Empire in 1425. In 1867, it became a district within the İzmir sanjak of Aydın province. In 1881, the same year Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was born, Çeşme was designated as a district, and the Çeşme Municipality was established. During administrative changes in 1890 and 1895, Çeşme retained its status as a district affiliated with İzmir. There were no changes until the Turkish War of Independence. After the proclamation of the Republic, according to Articles 89-91 of the Fundamental Law of Organization No. 491 dated April 20, 1924, the Aydın province was divided, the İzmir sanjak became İzmir province, and Çeşme district became part of this new province.